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合同CONTRACT
日期:合同号码:
Date:ContractNo.:
买方:(TheBuyers)
Address/TEL/FAX/E-mail
卖方:(TheSellers)
Address/TEL/FAX/E-mail
本合同双方,公司(以下称甲方)与(以下称乙方),在平等互利基础上,通过友好协商,于某年某月某日在中国(地址),特签订本合同
Thiscontractishereby(特此)madeandconcludedbyandbetweenco.,(hereinafterreferredtoaspartyA)andCo.,(hereinafterreferredtoaspartyB)on(date),in(place),china,ontheprincipleofequalityandmutualbenefitandthroughamicable(friendly)consultation
双方有争议,应首先通过友好协商解决
Alldisputesarisingfromtheexecutionofthisagreementshallbesettledthroughfriendlyconsultations
兹经买卖双方同意按照以下条款由买方购进,卖方售出以下商品:
ThiscontractismadebytheBuyersandtheSellers;wherebytheBuyersagreetobuyandtheSellersagreetosellthefollowinggoodssubjecttothetermsandconditionsasstipulatedfollow:
(1)商品名称、规格、质量NameofCommodity、specificationsqualityofcommodity
货物应具有防潮、防锈蚀、防震并适用于海洋运输的包装,由于货物包装不良而造成的货物残损、灭失应由卖方负责。卖方应在每个包装箱上用不退色的颜色标明尺码、包装箱、毛重、净重、及“此端向上”“防潮”、“小心轻放”易碎fragile等标记。
Thepackingofthegoodsshallbepreventivefromdampness,rust,moisture,erosionandshock,(Thepackingofthegoodsmustbewellprotectedagainstdampness,moisture,rust,andbeabletostandshock)andshallbesuitableforoceantransportation/multipletransportation.Thesellershallbeliableforalldamageandlossesofthegoodsattributableto(causedby)theinadequateorimproperpacking.Themeasurement,grossweight,netweightandthecautionssuchas“donotstackupsidedown”(thiswayup)”keepawayfrommoisture”“handlewithcare”shallbestenciled(marked)onthesurfaceofea
chpackagewithfadelesspigment.
(6)生产国别:CountryofOrigin:
(7)支付条款:TermsofPayment:L/C、D/P、D/A、COD(cashondelive
ry)
()信用证式:买应在装运期前/合同生效后__日,开出以卖为受益人的不可撤销的议付信用证,信用证在装船完毕后__日内到期。
LetterofCredit:TheBuyershall,dayspriortothetimeofshipment
/afterthisContractcomesintoeffect,openanirrevocableLetterofCreditinfavoroftheSeller.TheLetterofCreditshallexpiredaysafterthecompletionofloadingoftheshipmentasstipulated.
()付款交单:货物发运后,卖方出具以买方为付款人的付款跟单汇票,按即期付款交单(D/P)式,通过卖银行及_____银行向买转交单证,换取货物。
Documentsagainstpayment:Aftershipment,theSellershalldrawasightbillofexchangeontheBuyeranddeliverthedocumentsthroughSellersbankandBanktotheBuyeragainstpayment,i.eD/P.TheBuyershalleffectthepaymentimmediatelyuponthefirstpresentationofthebill(s)ofexchange.
即期付款交单D/Patsight
跟单汇票documentarydraft
UponfirstpresentationtheBuyershallpayagainstdocumentarydraftdrawnbytheSelleratsight.TheShippingdocumentsaretobedeliveredagainstpaymentonly.
买方应凭卖方开具的即期跟单汇票于见票时立即付款,付款后交单。
()承兑交单:货物发运后,卖出具以买为付款人的付款跟单汇票,付款期限为__
__后__日,按即期承兑交单(D/A__日)式,通过卖银行及______银行,经买承兑后,向买转交单证,买在汇票期限到期时支付货款。
DocumentsagainstAcceptance:Aftershipment,theSellershalldrawa
sightbillofexchange,payabledocumentthroughSeller’sbankand
daysaftertheBuyersdeliverstheBanktotheBuyeragainst
acceptance(D/Adays).TheBuyershallmakethepaymentondateofthebillofexchange.
()货到付款:买在收到货物后__天内将全部货款支付卖(不适用于FOB、CRF、CIF术语)。
Cashondelivery(COD):TheBuyershallpaytotheSellertotalamountwithindaysafterthereceiptofthegoods(ThisclauseisnotappliedtotheTermsofFOB,CFR,CIF).
(8)保险:insurance:由----按发票金额110%投保---险和---附加险
Insuranceshallbecoveredbythe----for110%oftheinvoicevalueagainstrisks
andadditionalrisks
(9)装运期限:TimeofShipment:
(10)起运港:PortofLading:
(11)目的港:PortofDestination:
单据(DocumentsRequired):
卖应将下列单据提交银行议付/托收:
TheSellershallpresentthefollowingdocumentsrequiredtothebankfornegotiation/collection:
()标明通知收货人/受货代理人的全套清洁的、已装船的、空白抬头、空白背书并注明运费已付/到付的海运/联运/陆运提单。
FullsetofcleanonboardOcean/CombinedTransportation/LandBillsofLadingandblankendorsedmarkedfreightprepaid/tocollect;
()标有合同编号、信用证号(信用证支付条件下)及装运唛头的商业发票一式_
_份;
SignedcommercialinvoiceincopiesindicatingContractNo.,L/CNo.(TermsofL/C)andshippingmarks;
()由______出具的装箱或重量单一式__份;
Packinglist/weightmemoincopiesissuedby__;()由______出具的质量证明书一式__份;
CertificateofQualityincopiesissuedby____;
()由______出具的数量证明书一式__份;
CertificateofQuantityincopiesissuedby____;()保险单本一式__份(CIF交货条件);
Insurancepolicy/certificateincopies(TermsofCIF);()____签发的产地证一式__份;
CertificateofOriginincopiesissuedby____;
()装运通知(Shippingadvice):卖应在交运后小时内以特快专递式邮寄给买上述第__项单据副本一式一套。
EMS邮政特快专递
TheSellershall,withinhoursaftershipmenteffected,sendbycouriereachcopyoftheabove-mentioneddocumentsNo.__.
一式两份:induplicate;一式三份:intriplicate;一式四份:inquadruplicate
Thefaxcontracthassameforceaseffectasoriginform
本合同传真件具有法律效力
运输方式:termsofdeliveryFOB/CFR/CIF
()FOB交货式
卖方应在合同规定的装运日期前天,以____式通知买合同号、品名、数量、金额、包装件、毛重、尺码及装运港可装日期,以便买安排租船/订舱。装运船只按期到达装运港后,如卖不能按时装船,发生的空船费或滞期费由卖负担。在货物越过船弦并脱离吊钩以前一切费用和风险由卖方负担。
TheSellershall,daysbeforetheshipmentdatespecifiedintheContract,advisetheBuyerbyoftheContractNo.,commodity,quantity,amount,packages,grossweight,measurement,andthedateofshipmentinorderthattheBuyercancharteravessel/bookshippingspace.Intheeventof(incase)theSeller'sfailuretoeffectloadingwhenthevesselarrivesdulyattheloadingport,allexpensesincludingdeadfreightand/ordemurragechargesthus
incurredshallbefortheSeller'saccount.beforethegoodscrossTheship'srailandgetoffthetackle,Allexpensesandrisksshallbebornebytheseller
()CIF或CFR交货式
卖须按时在装运期限内将货物由装运港装船至目的港。在CFR术语下,卖应在装船前天以____式通知买合同号、品名、发票价值及开船日期,以便买安排保险。
TheSellershallshipthegoodsdulywithintheshippingdurationfromtheportofloadingtotheportofdestination.UnderCFRterms,theSellershalladvisetheBuyerbyoftheContractNo.,commodity,invoicevalueandthedateofdispatchtwodaysbeforetheshipmentfortheBuyertoarrangeinsuranceintime.
.装运通知(ShippingAdvice):
一但装载完毕,卖方应在__小时内以____式通知买合同编号、品名、已发运数量、发票总金额、毛重、船名/车/机号及启程日期等。
TheSellershall,immediatelyuponthecompletionoftheloadingofthegoods,advisetheBuyeroftheContractNo.,namesofcommodity,loadingquantity,invoicevalues,grossweight,nameofvesselandshipmentdateby
withinhours.
不论港口习惯是否与本款规定相反,货方都应昼夜地,包括星期日和假日(如承运人需要),无间断地提供和提取货物,货方对违反本款规定所引起的所有损失和损坏,包括滞期应负担赔偿责任。
Whetherthecustomoftheportiscontrarytothisclauseornot,theownerofthegoodsshallwithoutinterruption,bydayandnight,includingSundaysandholidays
Whetherthecustomoftheportiscontrarytothisclauseornot,theownerofthegoodsshallwithoutinterruption,bydayandnight,includingSundaysandholidays(ifrequiredbythecarrier)supplyandtakedeliveryofthegoods.
Providedthattheownerofthegoodsshallbeliableforalllossesordamageincludingdemurrageincurredindefaultontheprovisionshereof
.质量保证(QualityGuarantee):
货物品质规格必须符合本合同及质量保证书之规定,品质保证期为货到目的港__个月内。在保证期限内,因制造厂商在设计制造过程中的缺陷造成的货物损害应由卖负责赔偿。Thequalityandspecificationofthecommoditymustbeinconformitytothis
contractandtheletterofqualityguarantee,theguaranteeperiodshallbe1monthsafterthegoodsarrivalattheportofdestination,andduringtheperiodthesellershallberesponsibleforthedamageduetothedefectsindesigningandmanufacturingofthemanufacturer.
TheSellershallguaranteethatthecommoditymustbeinconformitywiththequantityspecificationsandquantityspecifiedinthisContractandLetterofQualityGuarantee.Theguaranteeperiodshallbemonthsafterthearrivalofthegoodsattheportofdestination,andduringtheperiodtheSellershallberesponsibleforthedamageduetothedefectsindesigningandmanufacturingofthemanufacturer.
检验(Inspection)(以下两项任选一项):
()卖须在装运前__日委托______检验机构对本合同之货物进行检验并出具检验证书,货到目的港后,由买委托________检验机构进行检验。
TheSellershallhavethegoodsinspectedbydaysbeforetheshipmentandhavetheInspectionCertificateissuedby.TheBuyermayhavethegoodsreinspectedbyafterthegoodsarrivalatthedestination.
()发货前,制造厂应对货物的质量、规格、性能和数量/重量作精密全面的检验,出具检验证明书,并说明检验的技术数据和结论。货到目的港后,买将申请中国商品检验局(以下简称商检局)对货物的规格和数量/重量进行检验,如发现货物残损或规格、数量与合同规定不符,除保险公司或轮船公司的责任外,买得在货物到达目的港后__日内凭商检局出具的检验证书向卖索赔或拒收该货。在保证期内,如货物由于设计或制造上的缺陷而发生损坏或品质和性能与合同规定不符时,买将委托中国商检局进行检验。
Themanufacturersshall,beforedelivery,makeapreciseandcomprehensiveinspectionofthegoodswithregardtoitsquality,specifications,performanceandquantity/weight,andissueinspectioncertificatescertifyingthetechnicaldataandconclusionoftheinspection.Afterarrivalofthegoodsattheportofdestination,theBuyershallapplytoChinaCommodityInspectionBureau(hereinafterreferredtoasCCIB)forafurtherinspectionastothespecificationsandquantity/weightofthegoods.Ifdamagesofthegoodsarefound,orthespecificationsand/orquantityarenotinconformitywiththestipulationsinthisContract,exceptwhentheresponsibilitieslieswithInsuranceCompanyorShippingCompany,theBuyershall,withindaysafterarrivalofthegoodsattheportofdestination,claimagainsttheSeller,orrejectthegoodsaccordingtotheinspectioncertificateissuedbyCCIB.Incaseofdamageofthegoodsincurredduetothedesignormanufacturedefectsand/orincase
thequalityandperformancearenotinconformitywiththeContract,theBuyershall,duringtheguaranteeperiod,requestCCIBtomakeasurvey.
(12)索赔:在货到目的口岸45天内如发现货物品质,规格和数量与合同不附,除属保险公司或船方责任外,买方有权凭中国商检出具的检验证书或有关文件向卖方索赔换货或赔款。
Claims:
Within45daysafterthearrivalofthegoodsatthedestination,shouldthequality,Specificationsorquantitybefoundnotinconformitywiththestipulationsofthecontractexceptthoseclaimsforwhichtheinsurancecompanyortheownersofthevesselareliable,theBuyersshall,havetherightonthestrengthoftheinspectioncertificateissuedbytheC.C.I.CandtherelativedocumentstoclaimforcompensationtotheSellers
(13)不可抗力:由于人力不可抗力的原由发生在制造,装载或运输的过程中导致卖方延期交货或不能交货者,卖方可免除责任,在不可抗力发生后,卖方须立即电告买方及在14天内以空邮方式向买方提供事故发生的证明文件,在上述情况下,卖方仍须负责采取措施尽快发货。
ForceMajeure:
Thesellersshallnotbeheldresponsibleforthedelayinshipmentornon-deli-veryofthegoodsduetoForceMajeure,whichmightoccurduringtheprocessofmanufacturingorinthecourseofloadingortransit.ThesellersshalladvisetheBuyersimmediatelyoftheoccurrencementionedabovethewithinfourteendaysthereafter.theSellersshall
sendbyairmailtotheBuyersfortheiracceptanceacertificateoftheaccident.Undersuch
circumstancestheSellers,however,arestillundertheobligationtotakeallnecessarymeasurestohastenthedeliveryofthegoods.
(14)仲裁:凡有关执行合同所发生的一切争议应通过友好协商解决,如协商不能解决,则将分歧提交中国国际贸易促进委员会按有关仲裁程序进行仲裁,仲裁将是终局的,双方均受其约束,仲裁费用由败诉方承担。
Arbitration:
AlldisputesinconnectionwiththeexecutionofthisContractshallbesettledfriendlythroughnegotiation.incasenosettlementcanbereached,thecasethenmaybesubmittedforarbitrationtotheArbitrationCommissionoftheChinaCouncilforthePromotionofInternationalTradeinaccordancewiththeProvisionalRulesofProcedurepromulgatedbythesaidArbitrationCommission.theArbitrationcommitteeshallbefinalandbindinguponbothparties.andtheArbitrationfeeshallbebornebythelosingparties.
买方:卖方:
特此证明,据我们所知,上诉声明内容真实,正确无误,并提供了全部现有的资料和数据,我们同意应贵方要求出具证明文件
Weherebycertifytothebestofourknowledgethattheforegoingstatementistrueandcorrectandallavailableinformationanddatahavebeensuppliedherein,andthatweagreetoprovidedocumentaryproofuponyourequest
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英文合同范本
常见英文合同翻译与详解
一.hereby
英文释义:bymeansof,byreasonofthis
中文译词:特此,因此,兹
用法:常用于法律文件、合同、协议书等正式文件的开头语;在条款中需要强调时也可用。
语法:一般置于主语后,紧邻主语.
例1:
TheEmployerherebycovenantstopaytheContractorinconsiderationoftheexecutionandcompletionoftheWorksandtheremedyingofdefectsthereintheContractPriceorsuchothersumasmaybecomepayableundertheprovisionsoftheContractatthetimeandinthemannerprescribedbytheContract.
参考译文:
业主特此立约保证在合同规定的期限内,按合同规定的方式向承包人支付合同价,或合同规定的其它应支付的款项,以作为本工程施工、竣工及修补工程中缺陷的报酬。
注释:
(1)hereby:byreasonofthis特此
(2)covenant:v.makeaformalagreement立约,签订合同、条约;n.legalagreement具有法律约束的正式合同
(3)completionoftheWorks:工程的竣工
(4)therein:intheWorks在本工程中
(5)theContractPrice:合同总价,指工程的总造价
(6)such...as:关系代词,相当于that,which
(7)under:inaccordancewith根据,按照
(8)theprovisionsoftheContract:termsandconditionsoftheContract合同条款
例2:
Weherebycertifytothebestofourknowledgethattheforegoingstatementistrueandcorrectandallavailableinformationanddatahavebeensuppliedherein,andthatweagreetoprovidedocumentaryproofuponyourrequest.
注释:
(1)hereby:特此
(2)tothebestofourknowledge:asfarasweknow据我们所知
(3)foregoingstatement:above-mentionedstatement上述声明
(4)herein:inthis,inthestatement在声明中
(5)documentaryproof:证明文件
参考译文:
特此证明,据我们所知,上述声明内容真实,正确无误,并提供了全部现有的资料和数据,我们同意,应贵方要求出具证明文件。
例3:
ThisContractisherebymadeandconcludedbyandbetweenCo.(hereinafterreferredtoasPartyA)andCo.(hereinafterreferredtoasPartyB)on(Date),in(Place),China,ontheprincipleofequalityandmutualbenefitandthroughamicableconsultation.
注释:
(1)hereby:特此
(2)hereinafterreferredtoasPartyA:以下称甲方
(3)ontheprincipleofequalityandmutualbenefit:在平等互利基础上
(4)throughamicableconsultation:通过友好协商
参考译文:
本合同双方,公司(以下称甲方)与公司(以下称乙方),在平等互利基础上,通过友好协商,于年月日在中国(地点),特签订本合同。
例4:
Thisagreementisherebymadeandenteredintoon(Date),byandbetweenCo.China(hereinafterreferredtoasPartyA)andCo.(hereinafterreferredtoasPartyB).
注释:
(1)thisagreementisherebymadeandenteredinto:特此订立本协议
在法律文件中表示“订立本协议”可用以下4个动词:sign(make,concludeorenterinto)thisagreement,按照同义词连用的写作特点,可用上述4个动词中的两个来表示)。
(2)hereinafterreferredtoasPartyB:以下简称乙方
参考译文:
本协议特由中国公司(以下简称甲方)与公司(以下简称乙方)于年月日订立。
二hereof
英文释义:ofthis
中文译词:关于此点;在本文件中
用法:在表示上文已提及的“本合同的、本文件的……”时,使用该词。例如表示本合同条件、条款时,可以说“theterms,conditionsandprovisionshereof”,这里hereof表示“ofthisContract”;又如表示本工程的任何部分,可用“anypartshereof”,这里hereof表示“ofthisWorks”。
语法:一般置于要修饰的名词的后面,与之紧邻。
hereof和thereof的区别:hereof强调“ofthis”。例如,上面的“theterms,conditionsandprovisionsthereof”中的thereof表示oftheContract;“anypartsthereof”中的thereof表示oftheWorks。
例1
WhetherthecustomofthePortiscontrarytothisClauseornot,theownerofthegoodsshall,withoutinterruption,bydayandnight,includingSundaysandholidays(ifrequiredbythecarrier),supplyandtakedeliveryofthegoods.Providedthattheownerofthegoodsshallbeliableforalllossesordamagesincludingdemurrageincurredindefaultontheprovisionshereof.
注释:
(1)WhetherthecustomofthePortiscontrarytothisClauseornot:不论港口习惯是否与本款规定相反,whether…ornot:不论……是否
(2)theownerofthegoods:货方
(3)withoutinterruption:无间断地
(4)carrier:承运人
(5)indefaultontheprovisionshereof:违反本款规定hereof:ofthisClause
参考译文:
不论港口习惯是否与本款规定相反,货方都应昼夜地,包括星期日和假日(如承运人需要),无间断地提供和提取货物。货方对违反本款规定所引起的所有损失或损坏,包括滞期应负担赔偿责任。
例2
ForeigntradedealersasmentionedinthisLawshall,inaccordancewiththeprovisionshereof,coversuchlegalentitiesandotherorganizationasareengagedinforeigntradedealings.
注释:
(1)foreigntradedealers:对外贸易经营者
(2)asmentionedinthisLaw:本法所称
(3)theprovisionshereof:theprovisionsofthisLaw本法规定
(4)legalentity:法人
(5)beengagedinforeigntradedealings:从事对外贸易经营活动
参考译文:
本法所称对外贸易经营者,是指依照本法规定从事对外贸易经营活动的法人和其他组织。
例3
TheestablishmentofalimitedliabilitycompanyoracompanylimitedbysharesshallcomplywiththeconditionsandprovisionsofthisLaw.Acompanycomplyingwiththeconditionsandprovisionshereofmayberegisteredasalimitedliabilitycompanyoracompanylimitedbyshares.Providedthatifacompanyfailstocomplywiththeconditionsandprovisionshereof,thecompanyinquestionshallnotberegisteredasalimitedliabilitycompanyoracompanylimitedbyshares.
注释:
(1)alimitedliabilitycompany:有限责任公司
(2)acompanylimitedbyshares:股份有限公司
(3)provisionshereof:本法规定hereof:ofthisLaw
(4)mayberegisteredas:登记为
参考译文:
设立有限责任公司、股份有限公司,必须符合本法规定的条件。符合本法规定的条件的,登记为有限责任公司或者股份有限公司;不符合本法规定的条件的,不得登记为有限责任公司或股份有限公司。
例4
If,asaresultofwithdrawaloranyotherreasons,anarbitratorfailstoperformhisdutiesasanarbitrator,anotherarbitratorshall,inaccordancewiththeprovisionshereof,beselectedorappointed.
注释:
(1)asaresultofwithdrawaloranyotherreasons:回避或者其它原因
(2)arbitrator:仲裁员
(3)theprovisionshereof:theprovisionsofthisLaw本法规定
(4)beselectedorappointed:选定或指定
参考译文:
仲裁员因回避或者其它原因不能履行职责的,应当依照本法规定重新选定或指定仲裁员。
例5
IntheeventofconflictbetweentheprovisionsonarbitrationformulatedandpreparedpriortotheeffectivedateofthisLawandtheprovisionsofthisLaw,theprovisionshereofshallprevail.
注释:
(1)conflict:相抵触
(2)priortotheeffectivedateofthisLaw:本法施行前
(3)theprovisionshereofshallprevail:以本法为准hereof:ofthisLaw
参考译文:
本法施行前制定的有关仲裁的规定与本法的规定相抵触的,以本法为准。
例6
Where,inaccordancewithlaws,thecircumstance(s)specifiedinArticle15andArticle16ofthisLawis/areconfirmed,theorganizationwithcompensatoryobligationsshallpaycompensationinanyofthecircumstanceinquestion.
WheretheclaimantforcompensationdemandstheconfirmationofoneofthecircumstancesspecifiedinArticle15andArticle16hereof,andthedemandedorganizationrefusestomaketheconfirmation,theclaimantshallhavetherighttolodgeacomplaint.Wheretheclaimantclaimscompensation,theclaim,shall,first,belodgedtotheorganizationforcompensatoryobligations.
TheprovisionsofArticle10,Article11andArticle12hereofshallapplyto/intheproceduresofcompensation.
注释:
(1)theorganizationwithcompensatoryobligations:赔偿义务机关
(2)shallpaycompensation:应当给予赔偿
(3)theclaimantforcompensation:赔偿请求人
(4)Article15andArticle16hereof:本法第十五条、第十六条hereof:ofthisLaw
(5)shallhavetherighttolodgeacomplaint:有权申诉
(6)claimscompensation:要求赔偿
(7)applyto/in:适用MoreExamples:Thecommentappliesequallyhere./Thatargumentdoesnotapplyinthiscase./Thatappliestoatleastnine-tenthsofthepeopleweseeabout./Theseremarksapplytoeverytowninthiskingdom./Therulesofsafedrivingapplytoeveryone.
参考译文:
赔偿义务机关对依法确认有本法第十五条、第十六条规定的情形之一的,应当给予赔偿。
赔偿请求人要求确认有本法第十五条、第十六条规定情形之一的,被要求的机关不予确认的,赔偿请求人有权申诉。赔偿请求人要求赔偿,应当先向赔偿义务机关提出。赔偿程序适用本法第十条、第十一条、第十二条的规定。
例7
IfanarbitratorinvolvedinoneofcircumstancesspecifiedinItem4,Article34ofthisLaw,andifitisserious,orthosespecifiedinItem6,Article58hereof,thearbitratorinquestionshall,inaccordancewiththelaw,bearthelegalliabilityandresponsibility.Thearbitrationcommissionshallremovethenameofthearbitratorinquestionfromthelistofarbitrators.
注释:
(1)arbitrator:仲裁员
(2)Article58hereof:本法第五十八条hereof:ofthisLaw
(3)bearthelegalliabilityandresponsibility:承担法律责任
(4)thearbitrationcommission:仲裁委员会
(5)removethenameofthearbitratorinquestionfromthelistofarbitrators:将其除名
参考译文:
仲裁员有本法第三十四条第四项规定的情形,情节严重的,或者有本法第五十八条第六项规定的情形的,应当依法承担法律责任,仲裁委员会应当将其除名。
例8
If,pursuanttothisLaw,therelevantresponsibleauthoritieswiththedutyofapprovalsfailtograntapprovaltosuchanapplicationasmeetstherequirementsandprovisionshereof,orthecompanyregistrationauthoritiesfailtoregisteracompanywhoseapplicationmeetstherequirementshereof,thepartyinquestionmay,inaccordancewithlaws,applyforreconsiderationorbringanadministrativesuit.
注释:
(1)therelevantresponsibleauthoritieswiththedutyofapprovals:履行审批职责的有关主管部门
(2)meetstherequirementsandprovisionshereof:符合本法条件
(3)thecompanyregistrationauthorities:负责公司登记的主管部门
(4)therequirementshereof:本法条件hereof:ofthisLaw
(5)applyforreconsideration:申请复议
(6)bringanadministrativesuit:提起行政诉讼
参考译文:
依照本法,履行审批职责的有关主管部门,对符合本法条件的申请不予批准,或负责公司登记的主管部门不予登记,当事人可以依法申请复议或者提起行政诉讼。
例9
ThisDecisionshallapplytothecrimescommittedagainstArticle9,Article10andArticle11hereofbythestaffandworkersofenterprisesotherthanlimitedliabilitycompaniesandcompanieslimitedbyshares.
注释:
(1)thecrimescommitted:犯罪行为
(2)againstArticle9,Article10andArticle11hereof:犯有本决定第九条、第十条、第十一条规定hereof:ofthisDecision
参考译文:
有限责任公司、股份有限公司以外的企业职工有本决定第九条、第十条、第十一条规定的犯罪行为的,适用本决定。
例10
CompaniesregisteredandestablishedpriortotheeffectivedateofthisLawshall,inaccordancewithLaws,administrativeregulations,localregulationsandpursuanttothe“StandardOpiniononLimitedLiabilityCompanies”orthe“StandardOpiniononCompaniesLimitedbyShares”issuedbytherelevantresponsibledepartmentoftheStateCouncil,continuetoexist.
ThosecompaniesnotcompletelysatisfyingtherequirementsofthisLawshall,withinthespecifiedtimelimit,meettherequirementshereof.SpecificmethodsforimplementationofthisLawwillbesetoutinseparateregulationsissuedbytheStateCouncil.
注释:
(1)companiesregistered:已登记成立的公司
(2)the“StandardOpiniononLimitedLiabilityCompanies”:《有限责任公司规范意见》
(3)the“StandardOpiniononCompaniesLimitedbyShares”:《股份有限公司规范意见》
(4)therelevantresponsibledepartmentoftheStateCouncil国务院有关主管部门
(5)inseparateregulationsissuedbytheStateCouncil:由国务院另行规定
参考译文:
本法施行前已登记成立的公司,应依照法律、行政法规、地方性法规和国务院有关主管部门制定的《有限责任公司规范意见》,和《股份有限公司规范意见》,继续保留。其中不完全具备本法规定的条件的,应当在规定的期限内达到本法规定的条件。具体实施办法,由国务院另行规定。
例11
UnfaircompetitionmentionedinthisLawreferstoactsofsuchbusinessoperatorsascontravenetheprovisionshereof,witharesultofdamagingthelawfulrightsandinterestsofotherbusinessoperators,anddisturbingthesocio-economicorder.
注释:
(1)unfaircompetition:不正当竞争
(2)businessoperators:经营者
(3)contravenetheprovisionshereof:违反本法规定theprovisionshereof:本法规定hereof:ofthisLaw
(4)thelawfulrightsandinterests:合法权益
(5)disturbingthesocio-economicorder:扰乱社会经济秩序
参考译文:
本法所称的不正当竞争,是指经营者违反本法规定,损害其他经营者的合法权益,扰乱社会经济秩序的行为。
三hereto
英文释义:tothis
中文译词:至此,在此上。
用法:在表示上文已提及的“本合同的……本文件的……”时,使用该词。例如表示“本合同双方”,可以说“thePartieshereto”,这里hereto表示“tothisContract”;表示“本协议附件4”,可用“Appendix4hereto”,这里hereto表示“tothisAgreement”。
语法:一般置于要修饰的名词的后面,与之紧邻。
hereto和thereto的区别:同前面所言hereof和thereof的区别类似,hereto强调的是“tothis”。
例1
AlldisputesarisingfromtheperformanceofthisContractshall,throughamicablenegotiations,besettledbythePartieshereto.Should,throughnegotiations,nosettlementbereached,thecaseinquestionshallthenbesubmittedforarbitrationtotheChinaInternationalEconomicandTradeArbitrationCommission,BeijingandthearbitrationrulesofthisCommissionshallbeapplied.TheawardofthearbitrationshallbefinalandbindinguponthePartieshereto.TheArbitrationfeeshallbebornebythelosingpartyunlessotherwiseawardedbytheArbitrationCommission.
注释:
(1)theperformanceofthisContract:履行本合同
(2)throughamicablenegotiations:友好协商
(3)thePartieshereto:thePartiestothisContract本合同双方
(4)shallthenbesubmittedforarbitration:提交进行仲裁
(5)theChinaInternationalEconomicandTradeArbitrationCommission,Beijing:中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会(北京)
(6)thearbitrationrulesofthisCommission:其仲裁规则
(7)theawardofthearbitration:仲裁裁决
(8)unlessotherwiseawardedbytheArbitrationCommission:仲裁委员会另有裁定的除外
参考译文:
对于因履行本合同所发生的一切争议,本合同双方应友好协商解决,如协商无法解决争议,则应将争议提交中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会(北京),依据其仲裁规则进行仲裁。仲裁裁决是终局性的,对双方都有约束力。仲裁费用应由败诉方承担,但仲裁委员会另有裁定的除外。
例2
“PatentedTechnology”meanssuchpatent,andsuchapplicationsforthepatentasarepresentlyownedorwillhereafterbeacquiredinthefuturebyPartyB,orasPartyBhasormayhavetherighttocontrol,orasarepermittedtobetransferredduringtheeffectiveperiodofthisContractinanyorallcountriesoftheworld,andasareapplicabletoormaybeusedinthemanufactureofContractProductsspecifiedbythePartieshereto.
注释:
(1)patentedtechnology:专利技术
(2)patent:专利
(3)applicationforthepatent:专利申请
(4)mayhavetherighttocontrol:可能有权控制的
(5)permittedtobetransferredinanyorallcountriesoftheworld:在世界任何国家许可转让
(6)ContractProductsspecifiedbythePartieshereto:本合同双方规定的本合同产品hereto:tothisContract
参考译文:
“专利技术”,系指乙方目前拥有的或未来获得的,或乙方有权或可能有权控制的,或在本合同有效期间在世界任何国家许可转让的,适用于或可能适用制造本合同双方规定的本合同产品的专利和专利申请。
例3
“TechnicalDocuments”meansthedataandtheinformationspecifiedinAppendix1hereto,suchasengineering,manufacturingandoriginalinformationrelatingtothemanufactureandmaintenanceoftheContractProducts,includingdrawings,blueprints,designsheets,materialspecifications,photographs,photostatsandgeneraldata,anddesignandtheirspecificationsrelatingtomanufacturingeuipment,toolsandfacilities.Providedthattheabove-mentionedinformationshallbesuchinformationasisonlyavailabletoPartyBandapplicabletothebusinessoperationofPartyAunderthisContract.
注释:
(1)technicaldocuments:技术资料
(2)thedataandtheinformation:资料
(3)engineering:工程
(4)manufacturing:制造
(5)originalinformation:原始资料
(6)blueprint:蓝本
(7)designsheets:设计图表
(8)materialspecifications:材料规格
(9)photostats:影印资料
(10)generaldata:一般资料
(11)designandtheirspecificationsrelatingtomanufacturingeuipment,toolsandfacilities:与制造设备、工具和装置有关的设计及其说明书
参考译文:
“技术资料”系指列于附件1与制造和维修合同产品有关的工程、制造及原始资料,包括与制造设备、工具和装置有关的图纸、蓝本、设计图表、材料规格、照片、影印资料和一般资料、设计及其说明书等,但上述资料仅限于乙方拥有的资料和甲方用于本合同业务活动的资料。
例4
IfPartyBdemandstoaudittheaccountsofPartyA,PartyBshall,within10daysafterreceivingthewrittennoticeissuedbyPartyAunderSub-Clause3.4ofthisContract,notifyPartyAofthematerinquestion.ThespecificcontentsandprocedureofauditingaccountsaredetailedinAppendix4hereto.
注释:
(1)audittheaccountsofPartyA:查核甲方的帐目
(2)Sub-Clause3.4ofthisContract:本合同第3.4款
(3)thespecificcontentsandprocedureofauditingaccounts:其具体的查帐内容和程序
(4)Appendix4hereto:本合同附件4hereto:tothisContract
参考译文:
乙方如需查核甲方的帐目时,应在接到甲方依上述本合同第3.4款规定开出的书面通知后10天之内通知甲方,其具体的查帐内容和程序详见本合同附件4。
例5
ThepartiestothisAgreementagreethateitherPartyheretoshall,immediatelyandfully,notifytheotherPartyheretoofanysuchmatterscomprisinganimprovement,modification,furtherinventionordesignasthePartyinquestionmaydiscover,makeordevelopwithrespecttomanufactureandassemblyoftheLicensedProductsorcomponentsthereof.
ThePartydiscovering,makingordevelopingthesubjectmatterinquestionmay,atitsownexpenseanditsownname,fileapplicationforLetterPatentortakeothernecessarylegalstepstoprotectthesame,andanypatentarisingtherefromshallbelongtothePartyinquestion.TheotherPartymay,duringtheeffectiveperiodhereof,makeuseof,andsellproductsutilizingsuchimprovement,modification,furtherinventionordesign(whetherpatentedorun-patented)withoutchargeandroyaltyfeeinanymannerconsistentwiththisagreement.
注释:
(1)eitherPartyhereto:本协议各方(不译成“onePartyhereto)。
(2)improvement,modification,furtherinventionordesign:改进、修正、更新本发明或设计
(3)discover,makeordevelop:开发
(4)manufactureandassemblyoftheLicensedProductsorcomponentsthereof:生产及装配许可证产品或部件
(5)fileapplicationforLetterPatent:申请专利
(6)takeothernecessarylegalstepstoprotectthesame:其它必要的法律保护程序thesame:LetterPatent
(7)anypatentarisingtherefrom:由此产生的专利
(8)consistentwiththisagreement:与本协议不相矛盾
参考译文:
本协议各方同意,一方对于有关生产及装配许可证产品或部件所做的改进、修正、更新发明或设计均应立即全部通知另一方。开发改进的一方可以自负费用并以自身名义申请专利或采取其它必要的法律保护程序,由此产生的专利将属于该方所有。在本协议的有效期内,另一方可以与本协议不相矛盾的方式无偿使用和销售利用改进、修正、更新本发明或设计(无论其是否取得专利权)生产的产品。
例6
ThePartiestothisAgreementagreethatYshallsupplytoFCAMcertainlicenseandtechnicalassistanceformanufacturingProducts.TheTechnicalAssistanceAgreementtobeconcludedbetweenFCAMandYshallbedeemedtobeanattachmentasAppendix2hereto(hereinafterreferredtoasthe“TechnicalAssistanceAgreement”).
注释:
(1)certainlicenseandtechnicalassistanceformanufacturingProducts:有关生产产品的许可证和技术服务
(2)thetechnicalassistanceagreement:技术服务协议
(3)Appendix2hereto:本协议附件2hereto:tothisAgreement
参考译文:
本协议双方同意Y将向FCAM提供有关生产产品的许可证和技术服务,FCAM和Y将订立技术服务协议并作为本协议附件2(以下称作“技术服务协议”)。
例7
ThePartiestothisAgreementagreeandensurethatFCAMwill,tothemaximumextentpracticablypossible,usetheformsrequiredbyYforsuchdataonmanagementandfinancialinformationasaregivenbyFCAMtothePartieshereto,andthatFCAMshallprepareandkeepaccountingandfinancialrecordsandbooksavailableforinspectionorauditbyeitherPartyhereto.
注释:
(1)tothemaximumextentpracticablypossible:尽实际可能最大限度地
(2)dataonmanagementandfinancialinformation:管理和财务信息材料
(3)prepareandkeepaccountingandfinancialrecordsandbooks:建好会计和财务帐目
(4)availableforinspectionorauditbyeitherPartyhereto:以备本协议各方的检查或审计eitherPartyhereto:eitherPartytothisAgreement本协议双方inspection:检查audit:审计
参考译文:
本协议双方同意保证FCAM将尽实际可能最大限度地使用Y所要求的表格式样,用于FCAM向协议各方提供管理和财务信息材料;并且FCAM应建好会计和财务帐目以备协议双方的检查或审计。
例8
ThePartiestothisAgreementagreethattheBoardofDirectorsauthorizedbythePartiesheretotoadministrateormanageFCAMshallberesponsibleforapprovingtheoverallbusinessmanagementplanofthecompany,andmonitoringtheexecutionoftheplaninquestion.ProvidedthatthebusinessmanagementplaninquestionshallbesubmittedtothePartiesheretoforreviewandapproval.
注释:
(1)BoardofDirectorsauthorizedbythePartieshereto:本协议双方授权的董事会hereto:tothisAgreement
(2)toadministrateormanageFCAM:管理FCAMadministrate:行政管理manage:业务管理
(3)theoverallbusinessmanagementplanofthecompany:公司整体经营计划
(4)monitortheexecutionoftheplaninquestion:监督该计划的执行
(5)reviewandapproval:审阅和批准
参考译文:
本协议双方同意授权管理FCAM的董事会对公司整体经营计划的报批和监督执行负责。该经营计划需要提交协议双方审阅和批准。
例9
ThePartiestothisAgreementagree,andwillcauseFCAMtoagree,thatYwillselltoFCAM,andFCAMwillbuyfromY,allsuchspecializedmachineryandequipmentasisdeterminedthroughmutualconsultationbyandbetweenYandFCAMfortheeffectiveutilizationofthetechnicalknow-howsuppliedbyYtoFCAMundertheTechnicalAssistanceAgreementatsuchpricesandonsuchtermsandconditionsasaredeterminedbyandbetweenthePartieshereto.
注释:
(1)specializedmachineryandequipment:特定机器设备equipment:(单数形式)设备
(2)determinedthroughmutualconsultation:协商决定
(3)theeffectiveutilizationofthetechnicalknow-how:有效使用技术诀窍
(4)termsandconditions:条件
(5)(such…)as:作关系代词,意为which,that
参考译文:
本协议双方同意并将使FCAM同意Y将向FCAM出售,FCAM从Y购买经过Y和FCAM协商决定的特定机器设备,以保证根据技术服务协议由Y向FCAM提供的技术诀窍得到有效使用,并以协议双方同意的价格和条件成交。
例10
TheterminationofthisContractshallnotinanywayaffecttheoutstandingclaimsandliabilitiesexistingbetweenthePartiesheretoupontheexpirationofthevalidityoftheContractandthedebtorshallcontinuetobekeptliableforpayingtheoutstandingdebtstothecreditor.
注释:
(1)theterminationofthisContract:本合同期满
(2)outstandingclaimsandliabilities:未了债务
(3)debtor:债务人
(4)creditor:债权人
参考译文:
本合同期满时,双方之间发生的未了债务不受合同期满的影响,债务人应向债权人继续支付未了债务
四herein
英文释义:inthis
中文译词:此中,于此
用法:表示上文已提及的“本合同(中)的……,本法(中)的……”等时,使用该词。如表示“本法(中)所称的不正当竞争”,可译为“unfaircompetitionmentionedherein”,此处herein表示“inthisLaw”;表示“本协议(中)内容”,译为“theContentsherein”,此处herein表示“inthisAgreement”。
语法:置于所修饰词后,紧邻所修饰词.
例1
UnfaircompetitionmentionedinthisLawreferstosuchactsofbusinessoperatorsascontravenetheprovisionshereof,witharesultofdamagingthelawfulrightsandinterestsofotherbusinessoperators,anddisturbingthesocio-economicorder.
Businessoperatorsmentionedhereinrefertosuchlegalpersons,othereconomicorganizationsandindividualsasengageinthetradingofgoodsorprofit-makingservices(hereaftercalledGoodsincludingservices).
注释:
(1)unfaircompetition:不正当竞争
(2)mentionedinthisLaw:本法所称
(3)referto:是指
(4)contravenetheprovisionshereof:违反本法规定
(5)damagethelawfulrightsandinterestsofotherbusinessoperators:损害其他经营者的合法权益
(6)disturbthesocio-economicorder:扰乱社会经济秩序
(7)businessoperatorsmentionedherein:本法所称的经营者herein:inthisLaw
(8)engageinthetradingofgoodsorprofit-makingservices:从事商品经营或营利性服务engagein:从事,beengagedin:忙于
参考译文:
本法所称的不正当竞争,是指经营者违反本法规定,损害其他经营者的合法权益,扰乱社会经济秩序的行为。
本法所称的经营者,是指从事商品经营或营利性服务(以下所称商品包括服务)的法人、其他经济组织和个人。
例2
ThisLawisherebyformulatedandpreparedinordertodeveloptheforeigntrade,maintaintheforeigntradeorderandpromotethehealthydevelopmentofthesocialistmarketeconomy.
Foreigntradementionedhereinshallcovertheimportandexportofgoods,technologyandtheinternationaltradeinservices.
注释:
(1)thisLawisherebyformulatedandprepared:兹制定本法
(2)maintaintheforeigntradeorder:维护对外贸易秩序
(3)promotethehealthydevelopmentofthesocialistmarketeconomy:促进社会主义市场经济的健康发展
(4)foreigntradementionedherein:本法所称对外贸易herein:inthisLaw
(5)theinternationaltradeinservices:国际服务贸易
参考译文:
为了发展对外贸易,维护对外贸易秩序,促进社会主义市场经济的健康发展,兹制定本法。本法所称对外贸易,是指货物进出口、技术进出口和国际服务贸易。
例3
Theterm“company”mentionedhereinreferstosuchalimitedliabilitycompanyorsuchacompanylimitedbysharesasareestablishedwithintheterritoryofChinainaccordancewiththisLaw.
注释:
(1)mentionedherein:mentionedinthisLaw本法所称
(2)limitedliabilitycompany:有限责任公司
(3)companylimitedbyshares:股份有限公司
(4)withintheterritoryofChina:在中国境内
参考译文:
本法所称公司是指依照本法在中国境内设立的有限责任公司和股份有限公司。
例4
IllegalgainsfromthecrimesasspecifiedinthisDecisionshall,ifany,beconfiscated.Wherethosecommitcrimesagainsttheprovisionsherein,withtheirillegalgainstobeconfiscated,afineimposedon,theirpropertyforfeitedandacivilcompensationassumedby,andtheirpropertyandassetsareinsufficientforthepaymentsofalltheaboveitems,theyshallfirstbeliableforthecivilcompensation.
注释:
(1)illegalgains:违法所得
(2)shallbeconfiscated:应当予以没收
(3)theprovisionsherein:theprovisionsinthisDecision本决定规定
(4)illegalgainstobeconfiscated:被没收违法所得
(5)afineimposedon:判处罚金
(6)propertyforfeited:没收财产
(7)acivilcompensationassumedby:承担民事赔偿责任
参考译文:
犯本决定规定之罪有违法所得的,应当予以没收。
犯本决定规定之罪,被没收违法所得、判处罚金、没收财产、承担民事责任的,其财产不足以支付时,先承担民事赔偿责任。
例5
Theterms“FOB”,“CFR”or“CIF”shallbesubjecttothe“InternationalRulesfortheInterpretationofTradeTerms”(INCOTERMS,2000)providedbyInternationalChamberofCommerce(ICC)unlessotherwisespecifiedherein(inthisContract).
注释:
(1)(1)“FOB”(freeonboard)(…Namedportofshipment):船上交货(…<指定装运港>)
(2)(2)“CFR”(CostandFreight)(…Namedportofdestination):成本加运费(…<指定目的港>)
(3)(3)“CIF”(Cost,InsuranceandFreight)(…Namedportofdestination):成本、保险费加运费(……<指定目的港>)
(4)(4)the“InternationalRulesfortheInterpretationofTradeTerms”(INCOTERMS,2000):《国际贸易术语解释通则(INCOTERMS)2000》
参考译文:
除非本合同另有规定,“FOB”、“CFR”和“CIF”均应依照国际商会制定的《国际贸易术语解释通则(INCOTERMS)2000》办理。
例6
Unlessotherwiseexpresslyprovidedforherein,ifalldisputes,controversiesordifferencesarisingoutoforinrelationtotheexecutionofthisAgreementbetweenthePartieshereto,oranybreachordefaultoftheprovisionshereof(includingbutnotlimitedto,adisputeconcerningtheexistenceorcontinuedexistenceofthisAgreement,andthevalidityoftheArbitrationClause)failtobesettledamicably,thedisputes,controversiesordifferencesinquestionshallbesubmittedforarbitration.
注释:
(1)unlessotherwiseexpresslyprovidedforherein:除非另有明确表示herein:inthisAgreement
(2)dispute:争议
(3)controversy:纠纷
(4)difference:歧意
(5)thePartieshereto:thePartiestothisAgreement本协议双方
(6)anybreachordefaultoftheprovisionshereof:任何违约及过失
(7)includingbutnotlimitedto:包括,但不限于
(8)thevalidityoftheArbitrationClause:仲裁条款有效性arbitrationclause仲裁条款
参考译文:
除非另有明确表示,则由于执行本协议所引发或与本协议有关的协议双方的所有争议、纠纷或歧意,以及任何违约及过失(包括,但不限于有关本协议存续的争议,仲裁条款有效性的争议),如不能以友好协商的方式解决,则提交仲裁。
例7
TheAgentshall,pursuanttotheconditionsandprovisionsspecifiedherein,ontheDisbursementDate,creditthefundsreceivedtosuchaccountasisspecifiedbytheBorrowerunderSub-Clause2.2ofthisContract.
注释:
(1)theAgent:correspondentbank代理行
(2)pursuanttotheconditionsandprovisionsspecifiedherein:按照本合同规定的条件herein:inthisContract
(3)ontheDisbursementDate:在付款日
(4)creditthefundsreceived:贷记入所收资金
(5)theBorrower:借款人
参考译文:
代理行应按照本合同规定的条件,在付款日将所收资金贷记入借款人根据2.2款指定的帐户。
例8
Alltherightsprovidedforherein(inthisContract)shallbecumulativeandshallnotbeexclusiveofanyotherrights,powers,privilegesorremediesprovidedforbylaws.
注释:
(1)cumulative:累加的
(2)shallnotbeexclusiveof:并不排除
(3)privilege:特权
(4)remedy:补救方法
(5)providedforbylaws:法律规定的
参考译文:
本合同规定的各项权利是累加的,并不排除法律规定的其它权利、权力、特权或补救方法。
例9
NowTherefore,undertheconsiderationofthemutualpromisesmadebythePartiestothisAgreement,thePartiesheretoagreethecontentshereinasfollows:
注释:
(1)NowTherefore:据此
(2)theconsideration:对价。对价是对一项允诺(promise)的回报。例如,甲方允诺向乙方提供若干数量的货物,乙方同意付给甲方一定数目的货款,该货款便构成甲方允诺的对价。在经过要约(offer)与承诺(acceptance)的基础上,只有那些拥有对价的允诺才被认作合同,得到法律的保护和执行。
(3)thecontentsherein:本协议内容herein:inthisAgreement
参考译文:
据此,以本协议双方相互承诺为对价,就下述内容达成一致:
例10
TheBorrowershall,underthisAgreementandtheNote,fulfilltheobligationsofmakingallpayments.AllthereimbursementstotheBankshallbefreeandclearofanyotherchargesandexemptfromalltaxesandsuchreimbursementsasarereceivedbytheBankwillnotbesubjecttotaxes.TheBorrowershall,underthisAgreement,payalltaxesasprovidedforherein.
注释:
(1)theobligationsofmakingallpayments:支付义务
(2)reimbursement:偿付
(3)befreeandclearofanyothercharges:不附带其它费用
(4)exemptfromalltaxes:是免税的
(5)payalltaxesasprovidedforherein:承担全部本协议规定的税务herein:inthisAgreement
参考译文:
借款人应按照本协议和票据完成所有支付义务。向银行的偿付应是不附带其它费用并且是免税的,而且银行所收到的偿付款项不含任何税务。借款人应按本协议承担全部本协议规定的税务。
五hereinafter
英文释义:laterinthesameContract
中文译词:以下,在下文
语法:一般与referredtoas,called等词组连用,以避免重复,置于这些词组前面,与之紧邻。
例1:
InaccordancewiththeLawofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaonChinese-ForeignEquityJointVenturesandtheContractsignedbyandbetweenCo.(hereinafterreferredtoasPartyA)andCo.(hereinafterreferredtoasPartyB),thearticlesofassociationherebyisformulatedandprepared.
注释:
(1)inaccordancewith:under根据
(2)LawofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaonChinese-ForeignEquityJointVentures:中华人民共和国中外合资经营企业法
(3)Hereinafter:以下
(4)articlesofassociation:合营公司章程(条款)
(5)hereby:特此
(6)formulate:prepare制订
参考译文:
根据《中华人民共和国中外合资经营企业法》以及由公司(以下称甲方)与公司(以下称乙方)所订的合资经营的合同,特制订本公司章程。
例2
FinancialinstitutionswithforeigncapitalmentionedintheseRegulationsrefertothefollowingfinancialinstitutionsthatareestablishedandoperateinChinauponapprovalinaccordancewiththerelevantlawsandregulationsofthePeople’sRepublicofChina:
(1)subsidiarybanksincorporatedbyforeigncapitalwhoseheadofficesareinChina(hereinafterreferredtoasforeignbanks);
(2)branchesofforeignbankinChina(hereinafterreferredtoasforeignbankbranches);
(3)banksincorporatedjointlybyforeignandChinesefinancialinstitutions(hereinafterreferredtoasequityjoint-venturebanks);
(4)financecompaniesincorporatedbyforeigncapitalwhoseheadofficesareinChina(hereinafterreferredtoasforeignfinancecompanies);and
(5)financecompaniesincorporatedjointlybyforeignandChinesefinancialinstitutions(hereinafterreferredtoasequityjoint-venturefinancecompanies).
注释:
(1)financialinstitution:金融机构
(2)subsidiarybanksincorporatedbyforeigncapitalwhoseheadofficesareinChina:总行在中国境内的外国资本银行。在中译英时,这里的“外国资本银行”,应理解成“外资银行的子银行”,英文为subsidiarybanks,而不能简单地译成foreignbanks,因为很少有一家外国银行把自己的总部搬到国外,但在境外设立子银行、子公司是经常的。
(3)hereinafterreferredtoasforeignbanks:以下简称外资银行。
(4)hereinafterreferredtoasforeignbankbranches:以下简称外资银行分行。
(5)financecompany:财务公司,这里应理解为金融公司,是指在商业银行以外的专门从事抵押放款业务的金融企业。如果中文为会计事务所,则要译成:accountingfirm
(6)hereinafterreferredtoasforeignfinancecompanies:以下简称外资财务公司
(7)hereinafterreferredtoasequityjoint-venturefinancecompanies:以下简称合资财务公司
参考译文:
本条例所称外资金融机构,是指依照中华人民共和国有关法律、法规的规定,经批准在中国境内设立和营业的下列金融机构:
(一)总行在中国境内的外国资本银行(以下简称外资银行)
(二)外国银行在中国境内的分行(以下简称外资银行分行)
(三)外国的金融机构同中国的金融机构在中国境内合资经营的银行(以下简称合资银行)
(四)总公司在中国境内的外国资本的财务公司(以下简称外资财务公司)
(五)外国的金融机构同中国的金融机构在中国境内合资经营的财务公司(以下简称合资财务公司)
例3
WhenexistingChinese-foreignequityjointventures,Chinese-foreigncooperativejointventuresandwhollyforeign-ownedenterprises(hereinafterreferredtoas“enterpriseswithforeigninvestment”)applytoreorganizethemselvesintoacompany,theenterpriseswithforeigninvestmentshallhavearecordofmakingprofitsfortherecentthreeconsecutiveyears.
注释:
(1)existingChinese-foreignequityjointventures:已设立的中外合资经营企业,即现有的中外合资经营企业
(2)Chinese-foreigncooperativejointventure:中外合作经营企业
(3)whollyforeign-ownedenterprises:外资企业
(4)hereinafterreferredtoas“enterpriseswithforeigninvestment”:以下简称外商投资企业
(5)shallhavearecordofmakingprofits:应有盈利纪录
参考译文:
已设立的中外合资经营企业、中外合作经营企业,外资企业(以下称为外商投资企业),如申请转变为公司的,应有最近连续3年的盈利纪录。
例4
Toapplyfortheestablishmentofaninvestmentcompany,theinvestorshallsubmitthefollowingdocumentstotheMinistryofForeignTradeandEconomicCooperation(hereinafterreferredtoasMOFTEC)forexaminationandapprovalaftertheexaminationandconsentobtainedfromtheforeigntradeandeconomiccooperationauthoritiesoftherelatedprovince,autonomousregion,municipalitiesdirectlyundertheCentralGovernmentorthemunicipalitiesspecifically(separately)listedintheStateEconomicPlaninwhichtheinvestmentcompanyistobelocated.
注释:
(1)theMinistryofForeignTradeandEconomicCooperation(hereinafterreferredtoasMOFTEC):对外贸易经济合作部(以下简称外经贸部)
(2)theforeigntradeandeconomiccooperationauthorities:外经贸部门
(3)municipalitiesdirectlyundertheCentralGovernment:直辖市
(4)themunicipalitiesspecifically(separately)listedintheStateEconomicPlan:计划单列市
参考译文:
申请设立投资公司,投资者应将下列文件经拟设立投资公司所在地的省、自治区、直辖市、计划单列市外经贸部门审核同意后,报对外贸易经济合作部(以下简称外经贸部)审查批准。
例5
TheseRegulationsareformulatedandpreparedinaccordancewiththeCompanyLawofthePeople’sRepublicofChina(hereinafterreferredtoastheCompanyLaw)inordertoaffirmthequalificationsofenterpriselegalpersonsofcompaniesandstandardizetheregistrationactivitiesofcompanies.
注释:
(1)theseRegulationsareformulatedandprepared:制定本条例prepare:制定
(2)theCompanyLawofthePeople’sRepublicofChina:《中华人民共和国公司法》
(3)hereinafterreferredtoastheCompanyLaw:以下简称《公司法》
(4)toaffirmthequalificationsofenterpriselegalpersonsofcompanies:确认公司的企业法人资格
(5)standardizetheregistrationactivitiesofcompanies:规范公司登记行为
参考译文:
为了确认公司的企业法人资格,规范公司登记行为,依据《中华人民共和国公司法》(以下简称《公司法》),制定本条例。
例6
Inordertofurtherexpandinternationaleconomicco-operationandtechnologicalexchange,toabsorbforeigninvestmentandtopromotethedevelopmentofsocialistmarketeconomy,foreigncompanies,enterprisesandothereconomicorganizationsorindividuals(hereinafterreferredtoasforeignshareholders)andChinesecompanies,enterprisesandothereconomicorganizations(hereinafterreferredtoasChineseshareholders)may,withintheterritoryofChina,ontheprincipleofequalityandmutualbenefit,incorporatethemselvesintoacompanylimitedbyshareswithforeigninvestment(hereinafterreferredtoastheCompany).
注释:
(1)tofurtherexpandinternationaleconomicco-operationandtechnologicalexchange:进一步扩大国际经济合作和技术交流
(2)toabsorbforeigninvestment:引进外资
(3)topromotethedevelopmentofsocialistmarketeconomy:促进社会主义市场经济的发展
(4)hereinafterreferredtoasforeignshareholders:以下简称外国股东foreignshareholders:外国股东
(5)hereinafterreferredtoasChineseshareholders:以下简称中国股东
(6)withintheterritoryofChina:在中国境内
(7)acompanylimitedbyshareswithforeigninvestment:外商投资股份有限公司
参考译文:
为进一步扩大国际经济合作和技术交流,引进外资,促进社会主义市场经济的发展,外国的公司、企业和其他经济组织或个人(以下简称外国股东),按照平等互利的原则,可与中国的公司、企业或其他经济组织(以下简称中国股东)在中国境内共同举办外商投资股份有限公司(以下简称公司)。
例7
InordertopromoteforeigninvestmentinChinaandtointroduceforeignadvancedtechnologyandmanagerialexpertise,foreigninvestorsarepermittedtoestablishinvestmentcompanies(hereinafterreferredtoas“investmentcompany”)inChinainaccordancewiththeChineselawsandregulationsgoverningforeigninvestmentandtheseRegulations.
注释:
(1)tointroduceforeignadvancedtechnologyandmanagerialexpertise:引进国外先进技术和管理经验
(2)toestablishinvestmentcompany:设立投资公司
(3)hereinafterreferredtoas“investmentcompany”:以下简称投资公司
(4)theChineselawsandregulationsgoverningforeigninvestment:中国有关外国投资的法律、法规
参考译文:
为了促进外国投资者来华投资,引进国外先进技术和管理经验,允许外国投资者根据中国有关外国投资的法律、法规及本规定,在中国设立投资公司(以下简称投资公司)。
例8
TheseDetailedRulesshallapplytotheresidentrepresentativeofficessetupwithintheterritoryofthePeople’sRepublicofChinabyforeigntraders,manufacturers,shippingagents,contractors,consultantcompanies,advertisingagencies,investmentcompanies,leasingcompaniesandothereconomicentities(hereinaftercalled“foreignenterprises”).
注释:
(1)theseDetailedRules:本实施细则
(2)apply(to):vi.适用于MoreExamples:Therulesofsafedrivingapplytoeveryone./Thatappliestoatleastnine-tenthsofthepeopleweseeabout./Thatargumentdoesnotapplyinthiscase./Thecommentappliesequallyhere.
(3)theresidentrepresentativeoffices:常驻代表机构
(4)shippingagents:货运代理商
(5)consultantcompany:咨询公司
(6)advertisingagency:广告公司
(7)leasingcompany:租赁公司
(8)hereinaftercalled“foreignenterprises”:以下简称外国企业
参考译文:
本实施细则适用于外国贸易商、制造厂商、货运代理商、承包商、咨询公司、广告公司、投资公司、租赁公司和其他经济贸易组织(以下简称外国企业)在中华人民共和国境内设立的常驻代表机构。
例9
AforeignenterpriseapplyingfortheestablishmentofitsresidentrepresentativeofficeintheterritoryofthePeople’sRepublicofChinashall,uponapprovalandconsentbytheMinistryofForeignTradeandEconomicCooperationoritsauthorizedCommissionsforForeignTradeandEconomicRelations(hereinaftercalledthe“Examination-ApprovalAuthorities)oftheprovinces,autonomousregions,municipalitiesdirectlyundertheCentralGovernmentandthemunicipalitiesspecifically(separately)listedintheStateEconomicPlan,registerwiththeStateAdministrationforIndustryandCommerceoritsauthorizedAdministrationsforIndustryandCommerce(hereinaftercalledthe“registrationauthorities)oftheprovinces,autonomousregions,municipalitiesdirectlyundertheCentralGovernmentandthemunicipalitiesspecifically(separately)listedintheStateEconomicPlan.
注释:
(1)itsauthorizedCommissionsforForeignTradeandEconomicRelations:其授权的对外经济贸易委员会
(2)hereinaftercalledthe“Examination-ApprovalAuthorities:以下简称审批机关Examination-ApprovalAuthorities:审批机关
(3)registerwith:办理登记手续
(4)theStateAdministrationforIndustryandCommerce:国家工商行政管理局
(5)itsauthorizedAdministrationsforIndustryandCommerce:其授权的(各省、自治区、直辖市及计划单列市)工商行政管理局
参考译文:
外国企业申请在中华人民共和国境内成立常设代表机构,应经对外贸易经济合作部或其授权的各省、自治区、直辖市及计划单列市对外经济贸易委员会(厅)(以下简称审批机关)批准,并在中华人民共和国国家工商行政管理局或其授权的各省、自治区、直辖市及计划单列市工商行政管理局(以下简称登记机关)办理登记手续。
六therein
英文释义:inthat;inthatparticular;inthatrespect
中文译词:在那里;在那点上,在那方面
用法:在表示上文已提及的“合同中的……,工程中的……”等时使用。例如表示“修补工程中的缺陷”:“theremedyingofanydefectstherein”,此处therein表示“intheWorks”;表示“用于工程中的材料或机械设备”:“materialsorplantforincorporationtherein”,这里的therein表示“intheWorks”。
语法:置于所修饰词后,紧邻修饰词。
例1
“TemporaryWorks”meansalltemporaryworksofeverykind(otherthantheContractor’sEquipment)requiredinorabouttheexecutionandcompletionoftheWorksandtheremedyingofanydefectstherein.
注释:
(1)TemporaryWorks:临时工程,是指为永久工程服务的工程,永久工程建成后应予以拆除。建造临时工程的费用,按国际FIDIC合同条件规定,应由承包人负责。
(2)Defects:缺陷,表示工程施工出现的问题,即工程本身存在的问题,而不是因业主使用不当造成的。
(3)theexecutionandcompletionoftheWorksandtheremedyingofanydefectstherein:工程施工、竣工和修补工程中任何缺陷。建造一项工程一般分成两个阶段进行,工程设计、施工、竣工为第一阶段,修补工程中任何缺陷为第二阶段,因此此句中的第一个and是对的,表示建造工程的两个阶段。
参考译文:
临时工程是指在工程施工、竣工和修补工程中任何缺陷时需要或与上述工程阶段有关的所有各种临时工程,但承包人的设备除外。
例2
Thecontractorshallnot,withoutthepriorconsentoftheEmployer,assigntheContractoranypartthereof,oranybenefitorinterestthereinorthereunder,otherwisethanby:
注释:
(1)thepriorconsentoftheEmployer:业主的事先同意注意:consent只有单数形式,表示同意
(2)assign:转让
(3)therein:inthecontract;thereunder:underthecontract
(4)otherwisethanby:但下列情况除外。也可写成:unlessotherwisespecifiedinthefollowingcircumstances:
参考译文:
没有业主的事先同意,承包人不得将合同或合同的任何部分,或合同中或合同名下的任何利益或好处进行转让,但下列情况除外:
例3
ThisNotemeanstheNotementionedintheLoanAgreementandisentitledtoallthebenefitsprovidedtherein.Thisreferstotherightsandobligationsthereinofadvancepayments,defaultandaccelerationofthematurityintheeventofdefault.
注释:
(1)Note:期票,即借据,票据
(2)loanagreement:贷款协议
(3)beentitledtoallthebenefits:享有(贷款协议规定的)全部利益
(4)advancepayment:预付
(5)default:违约
(6)intheeventofdefault:因违约
参考译文:
本期票是贷款协议中所指的期票,享有贷款协议规定的全部利益,是指贷款协议中规定的预付、违约及因违约提前到期的权利和义务。
例4
AcertificateoftheBorrowershall,substantially,complywiththeformsetforthinAppendix4,andtheattachmentsspecifiedtherein.
注释:
(1)acertificateoftheborrower:借款人说明书
(2)complywith:遵照
(3)theattachmentsspecifiedtherein:附录4规定的附件therein:inAppendix4
参考译文:
借款人证明书,其格式基本上应遵照附录4规定的格式及其规定的附件。
例5
If,atanytime,anexemptionshallbeobtainedfromanysuchpresentorfuturetaxesofanynaturewhatsoeverimposedbylocalauthoritiesoranypoliticalsubdivisionortaxingauthoritiesthereoforthereinasshall,undertheContract,bedueinrespectofanypaymentorpayments,theBorrowershallpromptlydelivertotheAgentacopyofthecertifieddocumentsevidencingtheexemptioninquestion.
注释:
(1)exemption:免征税款
(2)localauthorities:地方当局
(3)anypoliticalsubdivision:任何下属政府分支机构
(4)taxingauthoritiesthereofortherein:地方当局的税收当局therein:inlocalauthorities
(5)undertheContract:根据合同规定
(6)shallbedue:应予以征收的
(7)thecertifieddocumentsevidencingtheexemptioninquestion:证明上述免税文件inquestion:上述
参考译文:
任何时候,如果由当地或其任何政府分支机构或税收当局,对任何根据合同规定所支付费用应予以征收的税款,不论什么性质,现在或将来,凡可以免征的,借款人应及时向代理行递交一份证明上述免税文件的副本。
例6
WhereenterpriseswithforeigninvestmentwereregisteredwiththeStateAdministrationforIndustryandCommercebeforethepromulgationoftheIncomeTaxLawofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaforEnterpriseswithForeignInvestmentandForeignEnterprises(hereinaftercalledtheTaxLaw),theenterpriseinquestionshallpayincometaxattheratesprovidedfortherein.
注释:
(1)theIncomeTaxLawofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaforEnterpriseswithForeignInvestmentandForeignEnterprises:中华人民共和国外商投资企业和外国企业所得税法。
(2)attheratesprovidedfortherein:按税法规定的税率therein:intheTaxLaw
参考译文:
在《中华人民共和国外商投资企业和外国企业所得税法》(以下简称税法)公布前已经办理工商登记的外商投资企业,该企业应按税法规定的税率缴纳所得税。
例7
WheretheBorrowerhasfullpowerandauthoritytoenterintothisAgreement,tomaketheborrowings,toexecuteanddelivertheNoteandtoincurtheobligationsprovidedforinthisAgreementandtherein,alltheactionsinquestionshall,properlyandnecessarily,beauthorizedbylegalpersons.
注释:
(1)theBorrower:借款人
(2)tomaketheborrowings:借贷资金
(3)toexecuteanddelivertheNote:签署票据
(4)toincurtheobligationsprovidedforinthisAgreementandtherein:承担由此产生的义务therein:intheNote
(5)alltheactionsinquestion:上述全部行为
(6)legalperson:法人
参考译文:
借款人有充分的权力订立本协议,借贷资金、签署票据并承担由此而产生的义务,上述全部行为均应经法人适当和必需的授权。
例8
TheLeaseeshall,athisownexpense,keepthecommodityingoodcondition.ProvidedthattheLeasorshallberesponsibleforthebreakdownofthecommodityandtheLeaseemayhavetherighttolodgeclaimsagainsttheLeasorforanylossesoccurredtherein.
注释:
(1)leasee:承租人
(2)keepthecommodityingoodcondition:维持商品的良好状况
(3)providedthat:除非,表示进一步规定
(4)leasor:出租人
(5)tolodgeclaimsagainsttheLeasor:向出租人提出赔偿
(6)anylossesoccurredtherein:因此所遭受的损失therein:intheabove-mentionedmatters指出租商品出现的故障
参考译文:
承租人必须自负费用维持商品的良好状况;除非由出租人对商品的故障负责,承租人则有权向出租人提出赔偿因之所遭受的损失。
例9
Whendocumentsotherthantransportdocuments,insurancedocumentsandcommercialinvoicesarerequired,thecreditshallprovideforthefollowingitems,suchas,thepersons(drawers)bywhomthedocumentsinquestionaretobeissuedandthewordingthereinordatacontentthereof.Ifthecreditfailstosostipulate,andthedatacontentinthedocumentspresentedmakesitpossibletorelatetothegoodsand/orservicesreferredtointhecredit,bankswillacceptsuchdocumentsaspresented.
注释:
(1)documents:shippingdocuments货运单据
(2)transportdocuments:运输单据
(3)insurancedocuments:insurancepolicies保险单据
(4)commercialinvoice:商业发票
(5)thecredit:theletterofcredit信用证
(6)drawer:出单人
(7)thewordingtherein:thewordinginthedocuments其措辞
(8)datacontentthereof:datacontentofthedocuments项目内容
(9)referredtointhecredit:信用证中所述的
参考译文:
当信用证要求运输单据、保险单据和商业发票以外的单据时,信用证应规定该单据的出单人及其措辞或项目内容。如信用证虽无此规定,但提交的单据的项目内容可能证实与信用证中所述的货物及/或服务有关联,则银行将予接受。
例10
IfanylossordamagehappenstotheWorks,oranypartthereof,ormaterialsorPlantforincorporationtherein,duringtheperiodforwhichtheContractorisresponsibleforthecarethereof,fromanycausewhatsoever,otherthantherisksdefinedinSub-Clause20.4,theContractorshall,athisowncost,rectifysuchlossordamagesothatthePermanentWorksconformineveryrespectwiththeprovisionsoftheContracttothesatisfactionoftheEngineer.
注释:
(1)lossordamage:损失与损坏注:loss与damage同义,同义词连用是合同文件语言特点之一。
(2)anypartthereof:anypartoftheWorks工程中的任何一部分thereof:oftheWorks
(3)forincorporationtherein:usedintheWorks用于工程中的forincorporationin:usedin应译成“用于(工程)中”,而不能译成“进入工程”therein:intheWorks工程中
(4)atone’sowncost:自费
(5)rectify:弥补,纠正
(6)PermanentWorks:永久工程
(7)tothesatisfactionoftheEngineer:达到工程师满意的程度
参考译文:
在承包人负责照管工程期间,如果工程或其任何部分或材料或用于工程中的设备,除第20.4款所规定的风险外,不管由于任何原因而遭受损失或损坏,承包人应自费弥补此类损失或损坏,以使永久工程在各方面均符合合同的规定,并达到工程师满意的程度。
七.thereof
英文释义:ofthat,ofit
中文译词:由此,其
用法:在表示已提及的“人或事的……”时,为避免重复,可使用该词,比如表示“合同条件、条款”时,可译为“theterms,conditionsandprovisionsthereof”,此处的thereof表示“oftheContract”;表示“工程任何部分”,可译为“anypartsthereof”,这里的thereof表示“oftheWorks”。
语法:置于所修饰词后,紧邻修饰词。
例1:
WhentheBuyerisentitledtodeterminethetimewithinaspecifiedperiodand/ortheplaceoftakingdelivery,theBuyerinquestionshallgivetheSellerthenoticethereof.
注释:
(1)beentitledtodetermine:有权确定
(2)thetimewithinaspecifiedperiodand/ortheplaceoftakingdelivery:提取货物的时间和/或地点
(3)thenoticethereof:有关这方面的通知thereof:oftheabove-mentionedmatters,thatis,thetimeandtheplaceoftakingdelivery.
参考译文:
买方有权确定在规定期限内提取货物的时间和/或地点时,应给卖方有关这方面的通知。
例2
Thecollectionoftaxorthecessationthereof,thereduction,exemptionandrefundoftaxaswellasthepaymentoftaxunpaidshall,inaccordancewiththeprovisionsoftherelevantlaw,beimplemented.ProvidedthatiftheStateCouncilisauthorizedbythelawtoformulateandpreparetherelevantprovisionsoftheregulations,theprovisionsinquestionshallbeimplementedandcompliedwith.
注释:
(1)thecollectionoftax:税收的开征
(2)thecessationthereof:税收的停征thereof:oftax
(3)thereduction,exemptionandrefundoftaxaswellasthepaymentoftaxunpaid:减税、免税、退税、补税
(4)theStateCouncil:国务院
(5)toformulateandpreparetherelevantprovisionsoftheregulations:制定的行政法规规定prepare:制定
参考译文:
税收的开征、停征以及减税、免税、退税、补税,依照法律的规定执行;法律授权国务院规定的,依照国务院制定的行政法规的规定执行。
例3
ThePartyapplyingforarbitrationshallsubmittoanarbitrationcommissionthearbitrationagreement,theapplicationforarbitrationandthecopiesthereof.
注释:
(1)thePartyapplyingforarbitration:当事人申请仲裁(是指申请仲裁的当事人)
(2)arbitrationcommission:仲裁委员会
(3)arbitrationagreement:仲裁协议
(4)applicationforarbitration:仲裁申请书
(5)thecopiesthereof:thecopiesoftheapplicationforarbitration仲裁申请书副本
参考译文:
当事人申请仲裁,应当向仲裁委员会递交仲裁协议、仲裁申请书及副本。
例4
“TestsonCompletion”meanssuchtestsspecifiedintheContractorotherwiseagreedbyandbetweentheEngineerandtheContractorasshallbemadebytheContractorbeforetheEmployertakesovertheWorksoranysectionorpartthereof.
注释:
(1)TestsonCompletion:竣工检验
(2)otherwiseagreed:另行商定
(3)EmployertakesovertheWorks:业主接收工程
(4)anysectionorpartthereof:工程任何部分、区段thereof:oftheWorks
参考译文:
竣工检验指合同规定的或由工程师与承包人另行商定的检验。这些检验是由承包人在业主接收工程或工程任何部分、区段之前进行的。
例5
Thecollectionordershallgivespecificinstructionsregardingtheprotest(orshalltakeotherlegalprocessinlieuthereof),intheeventofnon-acceptanceornon-payment.
Intheabsenceofsuchspecificinstructions,thebanksconcernedwiththecollectionshallhavenoobligationtoprovidetheprotest(ortotakeotherlegalprocessinlieuthereof)whenthebanksinquestionexperiencenon-acceptanceandnon-payment.
Anychargesand/orexpensesincurredbythebanksinconnectionwithsuchprotestorotherlegalprocessshallbebornebytheprincipal.
注释:
(1)thecollectionorder:托收指示
(2)theprotest:拒绝证书
(3)inlieuthereof:代替拒绝证书thereof:oftheprotest
(4)non-acceptanceornon-payment:拒绝承兑或拒绝付款
(5)thebanksconcernedwiththecollection:与托收有关的各银行
(6)experiencenon-acceptanceandnon-payment:遭到拒绝承兑或拒绝付款
(7)theprincipal:委托人
参考译文:
托收指示应对于在遭到拒绝承兑或拒绝付款时,是否需要作出拒绝证书(或采取其它替代法律手续)给予特别指示。
如无此项特别指示,与托收有关的各银行在遭到拒绝付款或拒绝承兑时,并无义务作出拒绝证书(或采取其它替代法律手续)。
银行由于作出拒绝证书或采取其它法律手续而发生的手续费或费用概由委托人负担。
例6
IftheSellermakesthespecificationhimself,heshallinformtheBuyerofthedetailsthereofandshalldetermineareasonabletimewithinwhichtheBuyermaymakeadifferentspecification.If,afterreceiptofthecommunicationinquestion,theBuyerfailstodosowithinthetimesodetermined,thespecificationmadebytheSellershallbebinding.
注释:
(1)makesthespecification:订明规格
(2)thedetailsthereof:thedetailsofthespecification规格的细节
(3)thecommunicationinquestion:该通知
(4)shallbebinding:应具有约束力
参考译文:
如果卖方自己制订规格,他必须将所制订的规格的细节通知买方,而且必须规定一段合理时间,让买方可以在该段时间内制订出不同的规格。如果买方在收到该通知后没有在该段时间内这样做,则卖方所订的规格应具有约束力。
例7
ThisLawshallapplytolimitedliabilitycompanieswithforeigninvestment.UnlessotherwisespecifiedbythelawsonSino-foreignequityjointventureenterprises,Sino-foreignco-operativejointventureenterprisesandwhollyforeign-ownedenterprises,theprovisionsthereofshallapplytothem.
注释:
(1)applyto(sb.):适用
(2)limitedliabilitycompanieswithforeigninvestment:外商投资的有限责任公司
(3)Sino-foreignequityjointventureenterprise:中外合资经营企业
(4)Sino-foreignco-operativejointventureenterprise:中外合作经营企业
(5)whollyforeign-ownedenterprise:外资企业
参考译文:
外商投资的有限责任公司适用本法,有关中外合资经营企业、中外合作经营企业、外资企业的法律另有规定的,适用其规定。
例8
“TimeforCompletion”meanssuchtimeforcompletingtheexecutionoftheWorksandpassingtheTestsonCompletionoftheWorksoranySectionorpartthereofasisspecifiedintheContractfromtheCommencementDate.
注释:
(1)timeforcompletion:竣工时间
(2)theexecutionoftheWorks:施工
(3)anySectionorpartthereof:工程的任何部分或区段,thereof:oftheWorks
参考译文:
竣工时间是指合同规定从工程开工日期算起到工程或其任何部分或区段施工结束并且通过竣工检验的时间。
例9
TheEmployershall,priortothesubmissionbytheContractoroftheTender,havemadeavailabletotheContractor,suchdataonhydrologicalandsubsurfaceconditionsashavebeenobtainedbytheEmployerortheRepresentativeonbehalfoftheEmployerfromtheinvestigationsintotheWorksprovidedthattheContractorshallberesponsibleforhisowninterpretationthereof.
注释:
(1)makeavailabletotheContractor….:向承包人提供……
(2)dataonhydrologicalandsubsurfaceconditions:水文地质资料
(3)hisowninterpretationthereof:自己对上述资料的解释thereof:ofthedata
参考译文:
在承包人提交投标书之前,业主应向承包人提供由业主或业主代表根据对该项工程的勘察所取得的水文地质资料,但是承包人应对他自己对上述资料的解释负责。
例10
IfthisAgreementisterminatedforanyreasonwhatsoever,allsuchdrawings,transparencies,specifications,andanyothermanufacturingorengineeringinformationasaresuppliedbyPartyA,includingallthecopiesthereof,shallbereturnedtoPartyA,andPartyBshallceasetomanufacturethesaidLicensedProductsorComponents,orpartsoftheLicensedProducts.
注释:
(1)thisAgreementisterminated:本协议终止
(2)transparency:图片
(3)specifications:规格
(4)anyothermanufacturingorengineeringinformation:其它全部生产和操作资料
(5)thesaidLicensedProducts:上述许可证产品
参考译文:
如本协议因任何理由而终止,所有由甲方提供的图纸、图片、规格以及其它全部生产和操作资料,包括全部复制品,均返还甲方,同时,乙方应停止生产上述许可证产品、或部件、或零件。
八.thereafter,thereto,therewith,therefor,thereunder
1)thereafter:afterthat此后;之后
2)thereto:tothat随附;附之
3)therewith:withthat与此;与之
4)therefor:forthat因之;为此
5)thereunder:underthat在其下;依照
用法:本节提及的各词,其用法与上面七节谈及的一样,主要强调的是“that”。如果强调的是“this”,则要用hereafter,hereto,herewith和hereof等。
语法:紧接所修饰词之后。
例1:
Thedecisionandawardofthearbitrationtribunalshallbefinal,andthejudgmentonthedecisionandawardinquestionmay,undertherequestofeitherpartytotheContract,bemadebyanycourthavingjurisdiction.Thepartiestheretoshall,ingoodfaith,complywiththedecisionandawardofthearbitrationtribunal.
注释:
(1)decisionandawardofthearbitrationtribunal:仲裁庭的仲裁决定或裁决
(2)thejudgment:司法判决
(3)anycourthavingjurisdiction:有管辖权的法院jurisdiction:管辖权
(4)thepartiesthereto:合同双方thereto:totheContract
(5)ingoodfaith:以良好诚信的态度
参考译文:
仲裁庭的仲裁决定或裁决是终局的,任何一方可以要求任何有管辖权的法院对此作出司法判决。双方须以良好诚信的态度遵守仲裁庭的决定。
例2:
"PatentedTechnology”meanssuchletterspatent,andapplicationthereforeasarepresentlyownedoracquiredinthefuturebyPartyBand/orasPartyBhasormayhavetherighttocontrolorgrantlicensethereofduringtheeffectiveperiodofthisContractinanyorallcountriesoftheworld,andasareapplicabletoormaybeusedinthemanufactureofthisContractProducts.
注释:
(1)patentedtechnology:专利技术
(2)letterspatent:专利证,专利
(3)applicationtherefore:专利申请
(4)grantlicensethereof:许可转让
(5)duringtheeffectiveperiodofthisContract:本合同有效期间
(6)areapplicabletoormaybeusedinthemanufactureofthisContractProducts:适用于或可能适用于制造本合同产品